Oil Exploration And Its Effects, Remedies And Control In The Niger Delta

The article below is a seminar topic researched by Allaputa, Elizabeth Nengi, a 400 level Animal and Environmental Biology student of the University of Port Harcourt majoring in Environmental Biology.

ABSTRACT

Oil spillage is a global issue that has been occurring since the discovery of crude oil, which was a part of the industrial revolution. It has posed a major threat to the environment of the oil producing areas, which if not effectively checked can lead to the total destruction 9f ecosystems. The British discovered oil in the Niger Delta in the late 1950s and and crude oil was discovered in commercial quantity by the Shell British Petroleum, which is now called Royal Dutch Shell at Oloibiri. A village in the Niger Delta and in 1985 commercial production began with a production of about 6,000 barrels a day. Half of all spills occur due to pipeline and tanker accidents (50%), other causes include sabotage (28%) and oil production operations (21%), with 1% of the skills being accounted for the inadequate or non-functional production equipment. Corrosion of pipelines and tankers is the rupturing or leaking of old production infrastructures that often do not receive inspection and maintenance. The Niger Delta is among the ten most important wetland and marine ecosystems in the world. The oil industry located within this region has contributed immensely to the growth and development of the country which is a fact that cannot be disputed but unsustainable oil exploration activities has rendered the Niger Delta region, one of the five most severely important petroleum damaged ecosystems in the world. Some of the environmental damage caused by oil spillage on the Niger Delta region of the five most severely petroleum damaged ecosystems in the world. Some of the environmental damages caused by oil spillage on the Niger Delta region are: vegetation loss, destroying crops and aquaculture through contamination of the groundwater and soil soils, air pollution, respiratory diseases, breathing problems and skin lesions, depletion 9f fish populations, natural gas flaring, acid rain, kidney disease, neurological disease. However, it can be curved by bioremediation. It can also be controlled by checking activities such as illegal bunkering, pipeline vandalism; pipeline installation companies should also use quality materials that can resist rusting during installing.


Researcher: Allaputa, Elizabeth Nengi
Contact: Email - allaputanengi327@gmail.com
                Phone - 0703 923 2025
                Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/allaputa.nengi


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